Waste treatment by pyrolysis - Inside the pyrolysor          patented process !

Legend

1 = input ; 2 = hopper ; 3 = baffle ;  4 = pusher;
5 = pyrolysis gas + char gasification products to post-combustion + energy recovery
6 = pyrolysis chamber; 7 = rollers; 8 = process air ; 9 = gasification chamber;
10 = inert solid residues; 11 = ash delivery; 12 = starting burner

The P.I.T. Pyroflam pyrolysis process is designed to operate continuously.  Solid wastes can be fed into the pyrolysis reactor without any preliminary treatment.  The reactor comprises two chambers which rotate around a common horizontal axis on a slight incline.  The waste pyrolysis chamber is cylindrical and the char gasification reactor is in the form of a truncated cone.  

The pyrolysis reactor operates with an oxygen deficient atmosphere at a temperature between 600 and 700° C.  The design of the complete reactor ensures that the solid waste spends sufficient time within the pyrolysis reaction zone to ensure that the organic constituents are converted into syngas and char.

The rotating motion of the pyrolysis reactor transports the char (pyrolysis coke) formed towards the gasification reactor.  Substoichiometric amounts of air are injected into the char gasification reactor and the char is gasified in a partial oxidation zone at about 800° C.  The temperature of the gases from the char gasification reactor are sufficient to maintain the pyrolysis reactor at the required temperature without the need for additional fuel.  The solid inert residue leaves the char gasification zone and after an eventual recovery of metals, is disposed of.

The syngas produced from the char mixes with the syngas from the waste pyrolysis reactions as it flows counter-currently through the reactor.  The combined syngas stream then passes to a heat recovery boiler where it is combusted at 1100 - 1200° C for a residence time of 2 seconds with 6% excess oxygen.

Energy is extracted from the hot flue gases in a waste heat boiler and the produced steam is used as process steam or for district heating or to generate electricity via a steam turbine.  The gases are then cleaned using a conventional dry scrubbing process with lime or sodium bicarbonate as sorbent and a bag filter prior to discharge to atmosphere.

The P.I.T. Pyroflam process produces a stable solid residue which can increase recycling.  As far as emissions are concerned, the Pyroflam process meets the strict pollutant emission limits set for the E.C.  There are no liquid effluents.

Interior view of the pyrolysor, before receiving the refractory concrete

The pyrolysor's steel jacket 

Reference
Household and industrial waste thermal treatment plant in Hungary
(Total internal pyrolysis)

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